A series of political posters defaming prominent supporters of Alfred Dreyfus, Musée des Horreurs began appearing weekly following Dreyfus’s retrial in late 1899. The series was stopped by order of the French Ministry of the Interior about one year later. Among the persons caricatured was Charlotte Mayer (1819-1884), daughter of Baron Karl von Rothschild and wife of Lionel Nathan Rothschild, the first Jewish member in the House of Commons. Here she is depicted as a bejeweled monkey adorned with a pearl necklace that bears the Rothschild family insignia of five arrows. In addition, her predatory claws display diamond rings on her toes and fingers.